Coxofemoral Subluxation

Coxofemoral subluxation describes a partial displacement of the hip joint, where the head of the femur (thighbone) shifts out of its normal position within the acetabulum (hip socket) but remains in some contact with it. This can happen suddenly after trauma, or develop gradually in dogs or cats with underlying hip joint problems. The hip may slip in and out of place, or sit in a persistently abnormal position. Owners often notice a sudden onset of limping or difficulty bearing weight on one hind leg, particularly after a fall, collision, or awkward movement. In some cases, the leg may appear shorter or held at an unusual angle, and the animal may be reluctant to move or show discomfort when the hip is handled. Where the subluxation develops more slowly, signs may be subtler—intermittent lameness, stiffness after rest, or a change in gait that comes and goes. This page explores the signs that can accompany hip subluxation, what may be happening within and around the joint, how the condition is investigated through examination and imaging, and the range of approaches—from rest and physiotherapy to surgical stabilisation—that may be considered depending on the individual case.