Oral Melanoma

Oral melanoma is a tumour that arises from pigment-producing cells in the mouth. In dogs, these growths tend to behave aggressively, often spreading to nearby tissue and, in many cases, to other parts of the body. In cats, oral melanomas are less common and may behave differently. Owners often first notice a dark mass on the gums, tongue, or roof of the mouth, though not all oral melanomas are pigmented. Some animals may have difficulty eating, bleeding from the mouth, or a noticeable change in breath. In other cases, a growth is found during a routine examination before any signs appear. This page explores what oral melanoma can look like when first observed, what is happening at a cellular level, how the condition is investigated through imaging and sampling, and what approaches exist for managing it. The aim is to help owners understand the nature of the condition and the decisions that may follow.