Salmonellosis

Salmonellosis is an infection caused by Salmonella bacteria, which can affect the gastrointestinal tract and, in some cases, spread more widely through the body. These bacteria are found in many environments and can be carried by animals without causing illness, but they may also trigger disease, particularly in young animals, those with weakened immune systems, or pets under stress. In dogs and cats, infection often follows ingestion of contaminated food, water, or material from the environment. Owners most commonly notice sudden onset of diarrhoea, which may contain blood or mucus, often accompanied by vomiting, reduced appetite, and lethargy. Some animals show mild signs that resolve quickly, while others become unwell enough that dehydration or systemic effects develop. Occasionally, a pet may carry the bacteria without appearing ill, raising questions about household risk or transmission. This page explores the signs that may prompt concern, what happens in the body during infection, how the condition is investigated through laboratory testing and clinical assessment, and the range of supportive and antimicrobial approaches that may be considered depending on severity and individual factors.